精选幼儿园端午节教案模板8篇 - A Guide for Overseas Students
Welcome to this special guide tailored specifically for overseas students who are eager to understand and celebrate the traditional Chinese festival, Dragon Boat Festival (端午节 Duānwǔ Jié). Whether you're an international student in China or simply interested in sharing Chinese culture with children, these detailed lesson plans will help you navigate the festivities with ease.
Table of Contents
- Introduction to the Dragon Boat Festival
- The Historical Significance and Legends Behind the Festival
- Traditional Customs and Celebrations
- Lesson Plan 1: Introduction to the Dragon Boat Festival
- Lesson Plan 2: Crafting Dragon Boats
- Lesson Plan 3: Zongzi-Making Workshop
- Lesson Plan 4: The Story of Qu Yuan
- Lesson Plan 5: Dragon Dance and Lion Dance
- Lesson Plan 6: Traditional Chinese Games
- Lesson Plan 7: Chinese Calligraphy and Painting
- Lesson Plan 8: Festival Songs and Dances
- Conclusion
Introduction to the Dragon Boat Festival
The Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanwu Festival, is one of the most important traditional festivals in China, celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. This year, it falls on June 22nd. It's not just about eating delicious Zongzi (sticky rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves) and watching exciting dragon boat races; it's also a time to honor the great poet Qu Yuan and learn about ancient Chinese customs.
The Historical Significance and Legends Behind the Festival
The origins of the Dragon Boat Festival date back over 2,000 years, rooted deeply in Chinese history and folklore. One of the most well-known legends is about Qu Yuan, a loyal minister from the state of Chu during the Warring States period. After being falsely accused of treason, he drowned himself in the Miluo River to protest against the corrupt government. Local people raced out in their boats to save him but failed, instead throwing rice dumplings into the water to keep fish away from his body. This act evolved into the tradition of dragon boat racing and eating Zongzi during the festival.
Traditional Customs and Celebrations
Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated with a variety of customs that vary by region. Some common traditions include:
- Dragon boat races: Teams compete in long, narrow boats adorned with dragon heads and tails.
- Eating Zongzi: These sticky rice dumplings are filled with various ingredients and wrapped in bamboo leaves.
- Hanging Mugwort (艾草 Àicǎo): Families hang bunches of mugwort at their doors to ward off evil spirits and diseases.
- Wearing Perilla (香囊 Xiāngnáng): Small sachets containing fragrant herbs are worn around the neck for good luck and health.
Lesson Plan 1: Introduction to the Dragon Boat Festival
Aim: Introduce the history and significance of the Dragon Boat Festival to young learners.
Activities:
- Storytelling: Share the legend of Qu Yuan using simple language and engaging visuals.
- Discussion: Encourage children to ask questions and share what they know about the festival.
- Crafting: Make simple dragon boat models using construction paper and markers.
Lesson Plan 2: Crafting Dragon Boats
Aim: Teach children how to make their own dragon boats using recyclable materials.
Materials Needed:
- Empty plastic bottles
- Construction paper
- Markers
- Glue
- Scissors
Instructions:
- Have children decorate the plastic bottles to resemble dragon heads and tails.
- Use construction paper to create paddles and flags for the boats.
- Organize a mini dragon boat race in a small pool or bathtub.
Lesson Plan 3: Zongzi-Making Workshop
Aim: Engage children in the process of making traditional Zongzi.
Ingredients:
- Sticky rice
- Bamboo leaves
- Fillings (e.g., pork, red beans)
- Cooking twine
Steps:
- Soak bamboo leaves and sticky rice overnight.
- Demonstrate how to fold the leaves and fill them with rice and chosen fillings.
- Tie each Zongzi securely with cooking twine.
- Cook in boiling water for several hours until fully cooked.
- Enjoy the homemade Zongzi together!
Lesson Plan 4: The Story of Qu Yuan
Aim: Deepen children's understanding of the cultural significance through storytelling.
Activities:
- Read aloud a simplified version of Qu Yuan's story.
- Act out key scenes from the story using props and costumes.
- Discuss the values and morals conveyed in the tale.
Lesson Plan 5: Dragon Dance and Lion Dance
Aim: Introduce children to traditional dance forms associated with the festival.
Activities:
- Watch videos of professional dragon and lion dances.
- Create simple dragon and lion costumes using cardboard and paint.
- Practice basic dance movements and choreograph a short performance.
Lesson Plan 6: Traditional Chinese Games
Aim: Provide hands-on experience with fun and educational games.
Games:
- Tangram Puzzles: Wooden puzzles that challenge problem-solving skills.
- Chinese Chess (Xiangqi): A strategy game similar to chess.
- Jump Rope Rhymes: Incorporate Chinese phrases and songs into jump rope games.
Lesson Plan 7: Chinese Calligraphy and Painting
Aim: Explore traditional art forms and their cultural significance.
Activities:
- Introduce the basics of Chinese calligraphy using brushes and ink.
- Paint traditional motifs such as dragons and lotus flowers on fans or scrolls.
- Display the artwork in a mini exhibition.
Lesson Plan 8: Festival Songs and Dances
Aim: Celebrate the festival through music and movement.
Activities:
- Sing popular folk songs related to the Dragon Boat Festival.
- Learn traditional dances like the fan dance or ribbon dance.
- Record a video of the performance to share with families and friends.
Conclusion
Through these engaging and interactive lesson plans, you can bring the spirit of the Dragon Boat Festival to life for children, regardless of where you are in the world. Not only will they gain a deeper appreciation for Chinese culture, but they'll also have a blast learning and celebrating together. Happy teaching and happy Dragon Boat Festival!
